Smith was familiar with rampant speculation , or " overtrading " as he politely called it .

斯密对疯狂的投机非常熟悉，他客气地称之为“过度交易”。

Most undercapitalized traders destroy themselves by overtrading , trying to squeeze unrealistic returns from their tiny accounts .

大部分资金不多的交易者因为过度交易毁了自己，因为他们想用小账户赚不实际的回报。

That 's because overconfidence can lead to overtrading , which studies have shown leads to individual investors drastically underperforming the market .

研究显示因为过度自信而导致超额交易，使散户彻底迷失市场。

When companies start growing again they suddenly need more working capital : they risk falling into the trap of overtrading , the bank warned .

但公司重新恢复增长时他们突然需要大量的流动资金：银行警告说，企业都陷入了一个过度交易的风险漏洞。