He was a heavy smoker , and for many years had noticed increasing exertional dyspnoea .

病人吸烟很重；多年来用力时便感到呼吸困难，且日趋严重。

For example , a 55 year old man with classic exertional angina that is relieved with rest or nitroglycerine needs no further tests to confirm the diagnosis of coronary disease .

例如，一个55岁的老年男性患者，表现为可以通过休息和含服硝酸甘油缓解的典型劳累性心绞痛，就不需要进行任何进一步检查来证实冠心病的诊断。

Clinical features include exertional dyspnea , cough , chest pain , recurrent pneumothorax , chylous pleural effusion , hemoptysis , eventual respiratory failure and , ultimately , death .

临床表现有呼吸困难、胸痛、咳嗽、咳血、反覆性气胸、乳糜胸，甚至呼吸衰竭，进而死亡。