At a time when the church is especially sensitive about its image , the excommunications have done little more than attract unwelcome publicity .

教会对其形象尤其敏感的那个时期，将会员开除教籍只引起了不受欢迎的报道宣传。

The latter courts could punish only by means of censure ( harsh criticism ) , excommunications , and penance , and could not inflict corporal punishment .

主教法庭只能通过责备(严厉批评)、开除教籍和苦行的方式进行处罚，却不能施加体罚。